line advance - translation to ρωσικά
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line advance - translation to ρωσικά

BATTLE OF WORLD WAR I
Hindenburg line; Hindenberg Line; Advance to the Hindenburg Line; Battles of the Hindenburg Line; The Hindenburg Line; Siegfriedstellung; Siegfried Position
  • Battle of Arras, April 1917}}
  • German defensive positions from July to November 1918}}
  • Flooding in Tincourt-Boucly, April 1917. (IWM Q 1985)}}
  • Friedensangebot}} (peace proposal).}}
  • The Hindenburg Line at [[Bullecourt]], 1920.}}
  • Siegfriedstellung}}/Hindenburg Line, 1917}}
  • Siegfriedstellung}} in the Saint-Quentin area, 22 April 1917.}}
  • Battle of the Somme 1916}}
  • Athies]], to impede the British}}
  • Orchard near [[Etreillers]] cut down during the German withdrawal}}
  • Field Marshal]] [[Paul von Hindenburg]] in 1914}}
  • Brie]], March 1917}}
  • Siegfriedstellung defences at Bullecourt, 1917}}
  • Replica Sopwith 1½ Strutter in 2006}}
  • Allied gains in late 1918}}
  • German withdrawal from the Bapaume and Noyon Salients.}}

line advance      

общая лексика

подача строки

line advance      
перемещение строки (в наборной машине)
advance         
WIKIMEDIA DISAMBIGUATION PAGE
Advance (disambiguation); Advance (schooner); Advance (ship); Advance (Australian ship)
1) продвижение вперёд, подача (инструмента)
2) прогресс, успех (науки)
3) повышение, рост (цен)
4) опережение

Ορισμός

Ватерлиния
(голл. water-lijn, от water - вода и lijn - линия)

линия соприкасания поверхности воды с корпусом плавающего судна. Грузовая В. совпадает со спокойной поверхностью воды при полной загрузке судна и соответствует наибольшей допускаемой в эксплуатации осадке; положение грузовой В. отмечается грузовой маркой (См. Грузовая марка). Теоретические В., изображаемые на теоретическом чертеже судна, получают сечением поверхности корпуса судна горизонтальными плоскостями. Форма В. и величина очерченной ею площади влияют на характеристики ходкости и остойчивости судна.

Βικιπαίδεια

Hindenburg Line

The Hindenburg Line (German: Siegfriedstellung, Siegfried Position) was a German defensive position built during the winter of 1916–1917 on the Western Front during the First World War. The line ran from Arras to Laffaux, near Soissons on the Aisne. In 1916, the Battle of Verdun and the Battle of the Somme left the German western armies (Westheer) exhausted and on the Eastern Front, the Brusilov Offensive had inflicted huge losses on the Austro-Hungarian armies and forced the Germans to take over more of the front. The declaration of war by Romania had placed additional strain on the German army and war economy.

The Hindenburg Line, built behind the Noyon Salient, was to replace the old front line as a precaution against a resumption of the Battle of the Somme in 1917. By wasting the intervening ground, the Germans could delay a spring offensive in 1917. A shortened front could be held with fewer troops and with tactical dispersal, reverse-slope positions, defence in depth and camouflage, German infantry could be conserved. Unrestricted submarine warfare and strategic bombing would weaken the Anglo-French as the German armies in the west (Westheer) recuperated. On 25 January 1917, the Germans had 133 divisions on the Western Front but this was insufficient to contemplate an offensive.

Greater output of explosives, ammunition and weapons by German industry against the Allied Materialschlacht (battle of equipment) was attempted in the Hindenburg Programme of August 1916. Production did not sufficiently increase over the winter, with only 60 per cent of the programme expected to be fulfilled by the summer of 1917. The German Friedensangebot (peace initiative) of December 1916 had been rejected by the Entente and the Auxiliary Service Law of December 1916, intended further to mobilise the civilian economy, had failed to supply the expected additional labour for war production.

The retirement to the Hindenburg Line (Alberich Bewegung/Operation Alberich/Alberich Manoeuvre) took place from February to March 1917. News of the demolitions and the deplorable condition of French civilians left by the Germans were serious blows to German prestige in neutral countries. Labour was transferred south in February 1917 to work on the Hundingstellung from La Fère to Rethel and on the forward positions on the Aisne front, which the Germans knew were due to be attacked by the French. Divisions released by the retirement and other reinforcements increased the number of divisions on the Aisne front to 38 by early April. The Hindenburg Line was attacked several times in 1917, notably at St Quentin, Bullecourt, the Aisne and Cambrai and was broken in September 1918 during the Hundred Days Offensive.

Μετάφραση του &#39line advance&#39 σε Ρωσικά